Vulnerability Report

CVE-2026-40342

Title: Authenticated RCE via path traversal in Firebird plugin loader

Arbitrary File Access

Proof Of Concept

No public PoC currently indexed for CVE-2026-40342.

CWE Category CWE-22

Published Date Apr 17, 2026

Modified Date Apr 27, 2026

Exploit Status Not Found

Score 9.9 CVSS v3.1

Exploit Probability (EPSS)

0.15%

Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2026-40342: Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

Impacted Vendors

firebirdsql 1

firebird 1

Reference Links

https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14 https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7 https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4 https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257

CVSS v3.1

Source Entity [email protected]

Severity CRITICAL

9.9

Attack Vector

NETWORK

Complexity

LOW

Privileges

N/A

Interaction

NONE

Confidentiality

N/A

Integrity

N/A

Availability

N/A

Scope

CHANGED

RAW VECTOR CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Associated Attack Patterns (CAPEC)

Total: Patterns

CVE-2026-40342 Exploits & PoCs (Proof Of Concept)

No public PoCs found in our database for this CVE.

April 27, 2026 MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

April 27, 2026 MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

April 20, 2026 MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

April 17, 2026 MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

Attack Vector Matrix

Access Vector NETWORK

Complexity LOW

Privileges N/A

Interaction NONE

CVSS Vector String


                                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected Stack

No specific products linked.