Vulnerability Report

CVE-2026-35391

Title: IP Address Spoofing in Bulwark Webmail

Other

Proof Of Concept

No public PoC currently indexed for CVE-2026-35391.

CWE Category CWE-348

Published Date Apr 06, 2026

Modified Date Jul 24, 2026

Exploit Status Not Found

Score 8.7 CVSS v4.0

Exploit Probability (EPSS)

0.14%

Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2026-35391: Bulwark Webmail is a self-hosted webmail client for Stalwart Mail Server. Prior to 1.4.11, the getClientIP() function in lib/admin/session.ts trusted the first (leftmost) entry of the X-Forwarded-For header, which is fully controlled by the client. An attacker could forge their source IP address to bypass IP-based rate limiting (enabling brute-force attacks against the admin login) or forge audit log entries (making malicious activity appear to originate from arbitrary IP addresses). This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.11.

Impacted Vendors

vdesk 1

bulwarkmail 1

cobalt 1

Reference Links

https://github.com/bulwarkmail/webmail/security/advisories/GHSA-7pj2-232x-6698

CVSS v4.0

Source Entity [email protected]

Severity HIGH

8.7

Attack Vector

NETWORK

Complexity

LOW

Privileges

N/A

Interaction

NONE

Confidentiality

N/A

Integrity

N/A

Availability

N/A

Scope

N/A

RAW VECTOR

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS v3.1