Vulnerability Report

CVE-2026-28458

Title: Unauthenticated Browser Relay WebSocket Access

Auth Bypass

Proof Of Concept

No public PoC currently indexed for CVE-2026-28458.

CWE Category CWE-306
Published Date Mar 05, 2026
Modified Date Mar 09, 2026
Exploit Status Not Found
Score 7.4 CVSS v4.0
Exploit Probability (EPSS)
0.30%

Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2026-28458: OpenClaw version 2026.1.20 prior to 2026.2.1 contains a vulnerability in the Browser Relay (extension must be installed and enabled) /cdp WebSocket endpoint in which it does not require authentication tokens, allowing websites to connect via loopback and access sensitive data. Attackers can exploit this by connecting to ws://127.0.0.1:18792/cdp to steal session cookies and execute JavaScript in other browser tabs.

Impacted Vendors

O
openclaw 1

Reference Links

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a1e89afcc19efd641c02b24d66d689f181ae2b5c https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mr32-vwc2-5j6h https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-missing-authentication-in-browser-relay-cdp-websocket-endpoint
CVSS v4.0
Source Entity [email protected]
Severity HIGH
7.4
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
N/A
Interaction
ACTIVE
Confidentiality
N/A
Integrity
N/A
Availability
N/A
Scope
N/A
RAW VECTOR CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS v3.1
Source Entity [email protected]
Severity MEDIUM
5.4
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
N/A
Interaction
REQUIRED
Confidentiality
N/A
Integrity
N/A
Availability
N/A
Scope
UNCHANGED
RAW VECTOR CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
CVSS v3.1
Source Entity [email protected]
Severity HIGH
8.1
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
N/A
Interaction
REQUIRED
Confidentiality
N/A
Integrity
N/A
Availability
N/A
Scope
UNCHANGED
RAW VECTOR CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Associated Attack Patterns (CAPEC)

Total: Patterns

CVE-2026-28458 Exploits & PoCs (Proof Of Concept)

No public PoCs found in our database for this CVE.

MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

MODIFIED

Vulnerability data updated via NVD.

Attack Vector Matrix

Access Vector NETWORK
Complexity LOW
Privileges N/A
Interaction ACTIVE
CVSS Vector String CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected Stack

No specific products linked.